dl ospf协议实验指导书issue

目录实验说 实验说 版本介 实验目 实验任 相关资 第4章OSPFDR/BDR实验指 本实验指导书本主要介绍了OSPF协议的各基本业务的配置方法及配置流程，OSPFOSPF各基本3.30RLEASE340RLEASE0108VRP5.10，RELEASE0039DR/BDRVRP3.30VRP3.30VRP3.40VRP3.40VRP5.10VRP5.10第1OSPF图1-RTA,RTB,RTCRTDOSPF，并且同属于同Area0表1-配置路由器的VRPVRProuteridrouter-VRProuteridrouter-启动OSPF，进入VRPVRPospf[process-id][router-router-idVRPospf[process-id][router-router-id进入OSPFVRPVRPareaarea-VRPareaarea-在指定网段运行VRPVRPnetworkip-addresswildcard-VRPnetworkip-addresswildcard-Router图1- Router地址来作为RouterID RTB10.1.1.0192.2.2.0。 [RTA]-a1.1.1.13.3.3.3:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtoReplyfrom3.3.3.3:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=254time=29msReplyfrom3.3.3.3:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=254time=29msReplyfrom3.3.3.3:bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=254time=29msReplyfrom3.3.3.3:bytes=56Sequence=4ttl=254time=28msReplyfrom3.3.3.3:bytes=56Sequence=5ttl=254time=28ms---3.3.3.3statistics--5packet(s)5packet(s)0.00%packetround-tripmin/avg/max=28/28/29 通过disyiprouting-table查看路由表[RTA]disiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnet00200000000000000[RTB]disiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnet20000000000000000[RTC]disiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnet00200000000000000[RTD]disiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnet20000000000000000OSPF学习到其它的路由信息，为网络提供了连通 通过disyospfrouting查看OSPF的路由表[RTA]disospfOSPFProcess1withRouterIDRoutingRoutingforCostType1Net1563Stub2Stub1Stub1562Stub1563Net1563Stub1564StubTotalNets:IntraArea:8InterArea:0ASE:0NSSA: 通过disyospflsdb查看链路状态数据库[RTA]disospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID1.1.1.1LinkStateDatabaseArea:LinkState000000000000000000OSPFLSA来描述一个区域的网络拓扑情况。这里需要注意的是数据库的类型（Type）里的每种类型分别都代表着OSPF里的不同类型的LSA，下面列出常见的LAS：Stub：连接到一个末梢网络的路由器LSA。（注：这里的末梢网络指的是边Stub区域并不是同一个概念。）RtrLSANetLSASnet：网络汇总LSAASBLSAASELSANSSA：NSSA外部LSA 通过disyospfbrief命令查看OSPF的总结信息[RTA]disospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID1.1.1.1OSPFProtocolInformationRouterID:Routingpreference:Inter/Intra:10External:DefaultASEparameters:Metric:1Tag:1Type:2SPFcomputationcount:10AreaCount: NssaAreaCount:AreaAuthtype:none Flags:<>SPFscheduled:<>Interface:10.1.1.1(Ethernet0/0)Cost:1State:DR Type:BroadcastPriority:1DesignatedRouter:BackupDesignatedRouter:Timers:o10,Dead40,Poll40,Retransmit5,TransmitDelayInterface:192.1.1.1(Serial2/0)-->192.1.1.2Cost:1562State:PtoPType:PointToPointPriority:1Timers:o10,Dead40,Poll40,Retransmit5,TransmitDelayInterface:1.1.1.1(LoopBack0)-->1.1.1.1Cost:1State:PtoP Type:PointToPointPriority:1Timers:o10,Dead40,Poll40,Retransmit5,TransmitDelay查看除路由信息外的所有OSPF相关信息都可以通过disyospfbrief来查看，如：邻居信息、网络类型、DR/BDR、o时间等。是查错比较常用的Q：在OSPF中邻居关系指什么？QOSPF中邻接关系指什么？A：P2P，P2MP，NBMABroadcastNBMA网络里需要手动来Q：当前的组网图里是否存在着等价路由？VRP3.30版本最多支持多少条等价路由？VRP5.10最多支持多少条等价路由？A：存在着等价路径；VRP3.303VRP5.10最6条等价路径。[Quidway]sysnameRTA[RTA]interfaceloopback0[RTA-LoopBack0]ipaddress1.1.1.1255.255.255.255[RTA]interfaceethernet[RTA-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.1.1.1255.255.255.252[RTA]interfaceserial[RTA-Serial2/0]ipaddress192.1.1.1255.255.255.252[Quidway]sysnameRTB[RTB]interfaceloopback0[RTB-LoopBack0]ipaddress2.2.2.2255.255.255.255[RTB]interfaceEthernet[RTB-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.1.1.2255.255.255.252[RTB]interfaceserial[RTB-Serial2/0]ipaddress192.2.2.2255.255.255.252[Quidway]sysnameRTC[RTC]interfaceloopback0[RTC-LoopBack0]ipaddress3.3.3.3255.255.255.255[RTC]interfaceEthernet[RTC-Ethernet2/0]ipaddress10.2.2.2255.255.255.252[RTC]interfaceserial[RTC-Serial2/0]ipaddress192.2.2.1255.255.255.252[Quidway]sysnameRTD[RTD]interfaceloopback0[RTD-LoopBack0]ipaddress4.4.4.4255.255.255.255[RTD]interfaceethernet[RTD-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.2.2.1255.255.255.252[RTD]interfaceserial[RTD-Serial2/0]ipaddress192.1.1.2OSPFRouter[RTA]routeridRouter[RTB]routeridRouter[RTC]routeridRouter[RTD]routerid第2OSPF图2-2。（注：其中RTA10.1.1.2/30Area1，RTC10.2.2.2/30属Area2）四台路由器分别都用各自的LoopBack作为各自的Router表2-配置路由器的VRPVRProuteridrouter-VRProuteridrouter-启动OSPF，进入VRPVRPospf[process-id][router-router-idVRPospf[process-id][router-router-id进入OSPFVRPVRPareaarea-VRPareaarea-在指定网段运行VRPVRPnetworkip-addresswildcard-VRPnetworkip-addresswildcard-Router图2- Router地址来作为RouterID OSPF视图下创建相应的区域，不同的路由器其相应的区域号也会不同，RouterB01。 在相应的Area如路由器RTB0192.2.2.0即可。 [RTA]10.2.2.1:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtoReplyfrom10.2.2.1:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=253time=30msReplyfrom10.2.2.1:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=253time=29msReplyfrom10.2.2.1:bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=253time=29msReplyfrom10.2.2.1:bytes=56Sequence=4ttl=253time=29msReplyfrom10.2.2.1:bytes=56Sequence=5ttl=253time=28ms---10.2.2.1statistics--5packet(s)5packet(s)0.00%packetround-tripmin/avg/max=28/29/30tracerouteto10.2.2.1(10.2.2.1)30hopsmax,40bytes110.1.1.210ms2ms22192.2.2.120ms19ms20310.2.2.130ms20ms20 通过disyiprouting-table查看路由表[RTA]disiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnet0000000000[RTB]disiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnet0000000000000000[RTC]disiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnet0000000000000000[RTD]disiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnet0000000000OSPF相互学 disyospflsdb查看OSPF的链路状态数据库另外可以进行一些查OSPF的相关信息：[RTA]disospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID1.1.1.1LinkStateDatabaseArea:TypeLinkStateAgeNet1200SNet39SNet39Rtr1300Rtr[RTB]disospf1200OSPFProcess1withRouterID2.2.2.2LinkStateDatabaseArea:TypeLinkStateAgeStub37000Stub39100Stub37000Rtr391c0d0c0b01Inter1Area:LinkState0001InterInterInterInterRTALSDB与RTB的LSDBABRRTB需要Area1与Area0两个区域的LSDB；QOSPF中，划分多外区域的目的是什么？A：主要目的是为了减少SPF计算的数量。QSPF计算的数量？表的大小。当网络发生改变时，SPF计算只针对发生改变的区域，因此可以SPF计算数量。 把RTC与RTD之间的区域变为Area1，网络变化情况[RTA]intloopback0[RTA-LoopBack0]ipadd1.1.1.1[RTA]intethernet[RTA-Ethernet0/0]ipadd10.1.1.1[RTB]intloopback0[RTB-LoopBack0]ipaddress2.2.2.2255.255.255.255[RTB]intethernet0/0[RTB-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.1.1.2255.255.255.252[RTB-Ethernet0/0]undoshutdown[RTB]intserial[RTB-Serial2/0]ipadd192.2.2.2[RTC]intloopback0[RTC-LoopBack0]ipadd3.3.3.3[RTC]intethernet[RTC-Ethernet0/0]ipadd10.2.2.2[RTC-Ethernet0/0]undoshutdown[RTC]intserial2/0[RTC-Serial2/0]ipadd192.2.2.1[RTD]intloopback0[RTD-LoopBack0]ipadd10.10.1.4[RTD]intethernet[RTD-Ethernet0/0]ipadd10.2.2.1OSPFRouter[RTA]routeridRouter[RTB]routeridRouter[RTC]routeridRouterRouter[RTD]routerid第3OSPF 192.2.2.0/30 192.2.2.0/30Area AreaL2:L2: R AreaR192.2.2.0/30AreaRL1:L0:L0:L0:图3-RTAL1,L2OSPF，RTBRTC上看到的路由是聚合后的路由。表3-VRPabr-summaryip-addressVRP[advertise|not-advertise配置OSPFVRPabr-summaryip-address[advertise|not-advertise|costcost在在ABR图3- RTA创建两个接口地址L1：110.1.1.1/32和L2：110.1.1.2/32 RTC上看到的到RTAL1L2的路由是聚合的。<RTC>disyiprouting-[RTC]disyiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnetDestination/MaskProtocolPre 000000000000[RTC]disyiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnet ProtocolPre 000000000000[Quidway]sysnameRTA[RTA]interfaceloopback0[RTA-LoopBack0]ipaddress1.1.1.1255.255.255.255[RTA]interfaceloopback[RTA-LoopBack1]ipaddress110.1.1.1255.255.255.255[RTA]interfaceloopback[RTA-LoopBack2]ipadd110.1.1.2[RTA]interfaceethernet0/0[RTA-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.1.1.1255.255.255.252[Quidway]sysnameRTB[RTB]interfaceloopback0[RTB-LoopBack0]ipaddress2.2.2.2255.255.255.255[RTB]interfaceEthernet[RTB-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.1.1.2255.255.255.252[RTB]interfaceserial[RTB-Serial2/0]ipaddress192.2.2.2255.255.255.252[RTC]interfaceloopback3.3.3.3[RTC]interfaceserial192.2.2.1OSPFrouter[RTA]routerid[RTA]ospfareaarea1Router[RTB]routerid[RTB]ospfareaarea0areaarea1Router[RTC]routerid[RTC]ospfareaarea0第4章OSPFDR/BDR实验指图4-OSPFRTBDR优先级100DR路由器；表4-配置路由器的VRPVRProuteridrouter-VRProuteridrouter-启动OSPF，进入VRPVRPospf[process-id][router-router-idVRPospf[process-id][router-router-id进入OSPFVRPVRPareaarea-VRPareaarea-在指定网段运行VRPVRPnetworkip-addresswildcard-VRPnetworkip-addresswildcard-VRPVRPospfdr-priorityVRPospfdr-priorityDRRouter图4- Router地址来作为Router OSPF的DR在端口视图下，改变RTBDR [RTA]disyospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID1.1.1.1OSPFProtocolInformationRouterID:Routingpreference:Inter/Intra:10External:DefaultASEparameters:Metric:1Tag:1Type:2SPFcomputationcount:11AreaCount: NssaAreaCount:AreaAuthtype:none Flags:<>SPFscheduled:<>Interface:10.1.1.1Cost:1State:BackupDR Type:BroadcastPriority:1DesignatedRouter:BackupDesignatedRouter:Timers:o10,Dead40,Poll40,Retransmit5,TransmitDelayInterface:1.1.1.1(LoopBack0)-->1.1.1.1Cost:1State:PtoP Type:PointToPointPriority:1Timers:o10,Dead40,Poll40,Retransmit5,TransmitDelay[RTB]disyospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID2.2.2.2OSPFProtocolInformationRouterID:Routingpreference:Inter/Intra:10External:DefaultASEparameters:Metric:1Tag:1Type:2SPFcomputationcount:10AreaCount: NssaAreaCount:AreaAuthtype:none Flags:<>SPFscheduled:<>Interface:10.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0)Cost:1State:DR Type:BroadcastPriority:100DesignatedRouter:BackupDesignatedRouter:Timers:o10,Dead40,Poll40,Retransmit5,TransmitDelayInterface:2.2.2.2(LoopBack0)-->2.2.2.2Cost:1State:PtoP Type:PointToPointPriority:1Timers:o10,Dead40,Poll40,Retransmit5,TransmitDelayRTBDR100，RTABDR1；之间会首先比较该参数来决定DR，数值越高越好；IDOSPFRouterID。如果没IDIPID号。DRID的高低来DRID数值越低越好；DROther）之间将不再建立邻接关系，也不再交换任何路由信息。RTA的DR200DR？能变为DR，而BDR变为DR后，OSPF网络里再为DR进行BDR的 [Quidway]sysnameRTA[RTA]interfaceloopback0[RTA-LoopBack0]ipaddress1.1.1.1255.255.255.255[RTA]interfaceethernet[RTA-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.1.1.1255.255.255.252[Quidway]sysnameRTB[RTB]interfaceloopback0[RTB-LoopBack0]ipaddress2.2.2.2255.255.255.255[RTB]interfaceEthernet[RTB-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.1.1.2255.255.255.252OSPFRouter[RTA]routerid[RTA]ospfRouter[RTB]routerid[RTB]ospf第5图5-RTARTBOSPF，相互学习对方的LoopbackRTASimple和Cipher认证方法对RTB表5-配置路由器的VRPVRProuteridrouter-VRProuteridrouter-启动OSPF，进入VRPVRPospf[process-id][router-router-idVRPospf[process-id][router-router-id进入OSPFVRPVRPAreaarea-VRPAreaarea-在指定网段运行VRPVRPnetworkip-addresswildcard-VRPnetworkip-addresswildcard-VRPVRPauthentication-mode{simplemd5持MD5VRPauthentication-mode{simplemd5|hmac-md5VRPVRPospfauthentication-modeVRPospfauthentication-mode[in|cipher]用报文MD5密文验证VRPVRPospfauthentication-modemd5key_idkeyVRPospfauthentication-mode{md5|hmac-md5}key-id[in|cipher]Router图5-Router地址来作为Router 通过disyiprouting-table来对比RTA认证前后的路由表信息没有启用认证的时候，RTARTB[RTA]disyiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnet00200000000RTARTBRTB[RTA]disyiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnet00000000002.2.2.2因超时而从路由另外再通过disyospferror错误信息RTARTB yospfOSPFProcess1withRouterIDpacketerrorIP:receivedmyownOSPF:wrongpacketOSPF:wrongOSPF:wrongOSPF:wrongareaOSPF:areaOSPF:wrongvirtualOSPF:wrongauthenticationOSPF:wrongauthenticationOSPF:toosmallOSPF:packetsize>ipOSPF:transmitOSPF:interfaceOSPF:unknownO:netmaskO:otimerO:deadtimerO:externoptionO:routeridO:virtualneighborO:NBMAneighborDD:neighborstateDD:routeridDD:externoptionDD:unknownLSALSACK:neighborstateLSACK:wrongLSACK:duplicateLSACK:unknownLSALSREQ:neighborstateLSREQ:emptyLSREQ:wrongLSUPD:neighborstateLSUPD:newerself-generateLSUPD:LSAchecksumLSUPD:receivedlessrecentLSUPD:unknownLSAOSPFrouting:nexthopnotDD:MTUoptionROUTETYPE:wrongtypeOPQ-9:outoffloodingOPQ-10:outoffloodingOPQ-11:outofflooding[Quidway]sysnameRTA[RTA]interfaceloopback0[RTA-LoopBack0]ipaddress1.1.1.1255.255.255.255[RTA]interfaceethernet[RTA-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.1.1.1255.255.255.252[Quidway]sysnameRTB[RTB]interfaceloopback0[RTB-LoopBack0]ipaddress2.2.2.2255.255.255.255[RTB]interfaceEthernet[RTB-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.1.1.2255.255.255.252OSPFRouter[RTA]routerid[RTA]ospf[RTA-Ethernet0/0]ospfauthentication-modemd51Router[RTB]routerid[RTB-Ethernet0/0]ospfauthentication-modemd51第6STUB图6-OSPFarea1StubOSPFType-5的由器资源的占用。通常情况下，Stub区域位于自治系统边界。StubRTDvlan2vlan3表6-Stub区VRPVRPstub[no-summaryVRPstub[no-summaryStub区域缺VRPVRPdefault-costVRPdefault-cost stub<RTA>disyospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID1.1.1.1LinkStateDatabaseArea:LinkState0000c000ASExternalLinkState11<RTA>disyiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnet0020000110000配置area1为STUB备注：以下的显示信息描述了命令“stub和“stubno-summary的不同。RTA的显示信息如下：[RTA]disyospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID1.1.1.1LinkStateDatabaseArea:TypeLinkState AgeLen MetricStub9600Rtr91a0Rtr96b0Net910[RTA]disyiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnetDestination/MaskProtocolPre 1000200000000RTA的路由表，外部路由已经没有了，多了一条缺省路由，但还存RTA[RTA]disyospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID1.1.1.1LinkStateDatabaseArea:TypeAgeMetricStub6500Rtr60f0Rtr0Net0SNet691[RTA]disyiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnetProtocol 2 0 0 0 0 0ConfiguretheRTA[Quidway]sysnameRTA[RTA]interfaceloopback0[RTA-LoopBack0]ipaddress1.1.1.1255.255.255.255[RTA]interfaceethernet[RTA-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.1.1.1255.255.255.252RTB[Quidway]sysnameRTB[RTB]interfaceloopback0[RTB-LoopBack0]ipaddress2.2.2.2255.255.255.255[RTB]interfaceEthernet[RTB-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.1.1.2255.255.255.252[RTB]interfaceserial[RTB-Serial2/0]ipaddress192.2.2.2255.255.255.252RTC[Quidway]sysnameRTC[RTC]interfaceloopback0[RTC-LoopBack0]ipaddress3.3.3.3255.255.255.255[RTC]interfaceEthernet[RTC-Ethernet2/0]ipaddress10.2.2.2255.255.255.252[RTC]interfaceserial[RTC-Serial2/0]ipaddress192.2.2.1255.255.255.252RTD[Quidway]sysnameRTD[RTD]interfaceloopback0[RTD-LoopBack0]ipaddress4.4.4.4255.255.255.255[RTD]interfaceethernet[RTD-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.2.2.1255.255.255.252[RTD]interfaceethernet[RTD-Ethernet0/1]ipaddress10.3.3.1255.255.255.252[Quidway]sysnameswtich[swtich]vlan2[swtich]vlan3[swtich]interfacevlan[swtich-Vlan-interface1]ipaddress[swtich]interfacevlan210.3.3.2110.1.1.1[swtich]interfacevlan3110.1.2.1[swtich]iproute-static0.0.0.00.0.0.0OSPF[RTA]routerid[RTA]ospf[RTB]routerid[RTB]ospf[RTC]routerid[RTC]ospf[RTD]routerid[RTD]ospfConfigurestaticroutestowordsvlan2andvlan[RTD]iproute-static110.1.1.0255.255.255.0[RTD]iproute-static110.1.2.0255.255.255.0Onospfviewimportthesestatic[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stubno-第7NSSA图7-RTA，RTA，RTARTDOSPF，如图所示，RTA与RTBArea1，RTB与RTCArea0，RTCRTD属于Area2。Area1Area2设为NSSA四台路由器分别都用各自的LoopBack作为各自的Router表7-配置路由器的VRPVRProuteridrouter-VRProuteridrouter-启动OSPF，进入VRPVRPOspf[process-id][router-router-idVRPOspf[process-id][router-router-id进入OSPFVRPVRPAreaarea-VRPAreaarea-在指定网段运行VRPVRPnetworkip-addresswildcard-VRPnetworkip-addresswildcard-配置一个区域为VRPVRPNssa[default-route-advertise[no-import-route][no-summaryVRPNssa[default-route-advertise[no-import-route][no-summaryVRPVRPdefault-costVRPdefault-costRouter图7- Router地址来作为RouterIDOSPF视图下创建相应的区域，不同的路由器其相应的区域号也会不同，RTB01。OSPF区域视图下输入nssaNSSA在相应的Area如在路由器RTB0192.2.2.0/30。边缘路由器RTA [RTA]10.2.2.2:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtoReplyfrom10.2.2.2:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=253time=30msReplyfrom10.2.2.2:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=253time=29msReplyfrom10.2.2.2:bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=253time=29msReplyfrom10.2.2.2:bytes=56Sequence=4ttl=253time=28msReplyfrom10.2.2.2:bytes=56Sequence=5ttl=253time=29ms---10.2.2.2statistics--5packet(s)5packet(s)0.00%packetround-tripmin/avg/max=28/29/30tracerouteto10.2.2.2(10.2.2.2)30hopsmax,40bytes110.1.1.23ms1ms12192.2.2.121ms19ms20310.2.2.221ms21ms21[RTA]disipRoutingTable:public0000000000<RTB>disipRoutingTable:public10000000000000000<RTC>disipRoutingTable:public10000000000000000<RTD>disipRoutingTable:public0000000000通过disyiprouting-table可以看出各路由器的路由表项，其中比较特别的7RTALSA7通告给区域内相应的路RTCO_ASELSA5，LSA7NSSAABRRTB转变为LSA5OSPFSTUB和NSSA外的其它普通区域，也因如此，Area21.1.1.1/32的路由信息。Disyospflsdb查看各路由器的链路数据库<RTA>disospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID1.1.1.1LinkStateDatabaseArea:LinkStateAgeMetric1518c01286b015950140331241403156312841Nssa10291NssaAllareasisNSSAarea,ASexternaldatabaseis<RTB>disospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID2.2.2.2LinkStateDatabaseArea:LinkState0000001Inter1Area:LinkStated0c00InterInter11ASExternalLinkStateAge14611Ase[RTC]disospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID3.3.3.3LinkStateDatabaseArea:LinkStateAgeMetric-100-1005480499043413761InterArea:LinkStateAge1126f0499d04990376Inter376aInterASExternalTypeLinkState AgeLen MetricASE 32 1<RTD>disospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID4.4.4.4LinkStateDatabaseArea:LinkStateAgeMetric1337f0711d07110SNet5891563SNet589a3124LSA7NSSA区域传送。A：NSSAStubStubABR路由器地过滤LSA5的路Area1LSA5RTCRTC过滤无法传送到RTD。(1)在现有的情况下，RTC的Area2里输入nssaRTA[Quidway]sysnameRTA[RTA]interfaceloopback0[RTA-LoopBack0]ipaddress1.1.1.1255.255.255.255[RTA]interfaceethernet[RTA-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.1.1.1255.255.255.252RTB[Quidway]sysnameRTB[RTB]interfaceloopback0[RTB-LoopBack0]ipaddress2.2.2.2255.255.255.255[RTB]interfaceEthernet[RTB-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.1.1.2255.255.255.252[RTB]interfaceserial[RTB-Serial2/0]ipaddress192.2.2.2255.255.255.252RTC[Quidway]sysnameRTC[RTC]interfaceloopback0[RTC-LoopBack0]ipaddress3.3.3.3255.255.255.255[RTC]interfaceEthernet[RTC-Ethernet2/0]ipaddress10.2.2.2255.255.255.252[RTC]interfaceserial[RTC-Serial2/0]ipaddress192.2.2.1255.255.255.252RTD[Quidway]sysnameRTD[RTD]interfaceloopback0[RTD-LoopBack0]ipaddress4.4.4.4255.255.255.255[RTD]interfaceethernet[RTD-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.2.2.1255.255.255.252OSPFRouter[RTA]routeridRouter[RTB]routeridRouter[RTC]routeridRouter[RTD]routerid第8图8-RTA，RTA，RTARTDOSPF，如图所示，RTA与RTBArea0，RTB与RTCArea1，RTCRTD属于Area2；四台路由器分别都用各自的LoopBack作为各自的RouterID表8-配置路由器的VRPVRProuteridrouter-VRProuteridrouter-启动OSPF，进入VRPVRPospf[process-id][router-router-idVRPospf[process-id][router-router-id进入OSPFVRPVRPAreaarea-VRPAreaarea-在指定网段运行VRPVRPnetworkip-addresswildcard-VRPnetworkip-addresswildcard-VRPVRPvlink-peerrouter-id[oseconds][retransmitseconds][trans-delayseconds][deadseconds][simplepassword|md5keyidkey]VRPvlink-peerrouter-id[oseconds][retransmitseconds][trans-delayseconds][deadseconds][simple[in|cipher]password|{md5|hmac-md5keyid[in|cipher]key}]Router图8- Router地址来作为RouterOSPF视图下创建相应的区域，不同的路由器其相应的区域号也会不同，RTB01。；在相应的Area如在路由器RTB0192.2.2.0/30；AreaRTBOSPF区域视图下建立虚链路，IPID； <RTD>10.1.1.1:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtoReplyfrom10.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=253time=29msReplyfrom10.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=253time=29msReplyfrom10.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=253time=29msReplyfrom10.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=4ttl=253time=29msReplyfrom10.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=5ttl=253time=29---10.1.1.1statistics---5packet(s)transmitted5packet(s)0.00%packetround-tripmin/avg/max=29/29/29<RTD>tracerttracerouteto10.1.1.1(10.1.1.1)30hopsmax,40bytes110.2.2.110ms1ms22192.2.2.220ms19ms19310.1.1.130ms21ms20<RTD>disipRoutingTable:public ProtocolPre 0000000000由。可以通过disyiprouting-table查看RTD上是否成习到Area0的另外也可以通过disyospfvlink查看虚链路的状态[RTB]disospfOSPFProcess1withRouterIDVirtualVirtual-linkNeighbor-id->3.3.3.3,State:FullInterface:192.2.2.2(Serial2/0)Cost:1562State:PtoP Type:VirtualTransitArea:0.0.0.1Timers:o10,Dead40,Poll0,Retransmit5,TransmitDelay1[RTC]disospfvlinkOSPFProcess1withRouterIDVirtualVirtual-linkNeighbor-id->2.2.2.2,State:FullInterface:192.2.2.1(Serial2/0)Cost:1562State:PtoP Type:VirtualTransitArea:0.0.0.1Timers:o10,Dead40,Poll0,Retransmit5,TransmitDelay虚链路建立在Area0与Area2之间的ABR路由器之上我们可以通过disyospfvlink去查看虚链路的状态。从上面的显示可以看出，当前虚链路的状态Full状态，双方的LSDB已经达到了同步。

RTA[Quidway]sysnameRTA[RTA]interfaceloopback0[RTA-LoopBack0]ipaddress1.1.1.1255.255.255.255[RTA]interfaceethernet[RTA-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.1.1.1255.255.255.252RTB[Quidway]sysnameRTB[RTB]interfaceloopback0[RTB-LoopBack0]ipaddress2.2.2.2255.255.255.255[RTB]interfaceEthernet[RTB-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.1.1.2255.255.255.252[RTB]interfaceserial[RTB-Serial2/0]ipaddress192.2.2.2255.255.255.252RTC[Quidway]sysnameRTC[RTC]interfaceloopback0[RTC-LoopBack0]ipaddress3.3.3.3255.255.255.255[RTC]interfaceEthernet[RTC-Ethernet2/0]ipaddress10.2.2.2255.255.255.252[RTC]interfaceserial[RTC-Serial2/0]ipaddress192.2.2.1255.255.255.252RTD[Quidway]sysnameRTD[RTD]interfaceloopback0[RTD-LoopBack0]ipaddress4.4.4.4255.255.255.255[RTD]interfaceethernet[RTD-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.2.2.1255.255.255.252OSPFRouter[RTA]routerid[RTA]ospfRouter[RTB]routerid[RTB]ospfRouter[RTC]routerid[RTC]ospfRouter[RTD]routerid[RTD]ospf