建筑 中国国家美术馆 国际竞赛 艺术城市 漂浮城市 MAD 马岩松 Yansong Ma  成都效果图
 

为了获取先进的设计理念，把中国国家美术馆建设成国家级文化建筑的精品，中国国
家美术馆举办“国家美术馆概念性建筑设计方案征集”活动，面向全球公开邀请具有文
化建筑尤其是文化博览建筑设计经验的设计机构进行方案征集。本次介绍的方案来自
中国MAD建筑师事务所。

MAD设计了一个开放的美术馆，实现城市真正向艺术开放，提升了美术馆的国际竞争
力。新美术馆场地坐落在2008年奥运会会场的中轴线上，规划体量达到6万。场地的
挑战在于浮夸和不人道的城市尺度。MAD创造了一个汇聚人流的漂浮广场，而宏伟的
美术馆就落在这个漂浮的广场之上。

用三层的构架组织形成一个室内室外相互交织的开放城市公共空间，在这里，自然与
功能合二为一，水乳交融。创造并实现了与环境共存和以东方自然体验为基础的氛
围，替代了让人被预先定义的功能性空间所包围的场所。

所有的保证美术馆正常运转的辅助功能空间放在地下层。地面层上有两万平米面积的
城市广场，其间设有永久性艺术收藏展区。该广场越过城市道路与奥林匹克公园相联
系，游客能从四面八方汇聚到这个开放的城市公共空间中。美术馆顶部的半球形展览
空间能够为人类的大型艺术作品提供永恒的展示空间。这座漂浮的艺术之城就像云朵
一样降临在世人面前。成都效果图

MAD旨在让艺术与城市水乳交融互相辉映，创造出一个人们流连忘返的公共空间。

Partaking in a 2011 international competition for a new national museum in Beijing,
MAD architects' proposal is a city-sized museum where the public space is the
greatest good.

Since China began opening up to the world in the late 1970’s, China's contemporary
creative scene has been expanding to the stage of global confidence with added
investment in its artists. Built in 1962, the National Art Museum of China, already having
one of the largest collections in the country, has been the backdrop to some of the most
influential exhibitions in contemporary Chinese history. With the planned move into a
new building, the organizing committee followed a global trend: bigger, located in a
designated ‘art district’ and more iconic.

Situated on the central axis of the 2008 Olympic site, and part of a six mega volume
masterplan, the main question became, how to design something iconic on an
unrealistic and inhuman city scale.The proposal by MAD architects for the new museum
is a hybrid between an elevated public square and a floating mega building above.

Organized as an open city in three layers, the result is a sequence of outdoor and
indoor spaces. In these spaces, nature and function are not separated but intertwined.
This creates an architecture that achieves an understanding about one’s bodily
presence among the objects that surround him, instead to a functional agglomeration of
pre-defined uses.

The one-story ground floor holds all ancillary functions that have the ability to operate
independently from the opening hours of the museum. Atop this is a 20,000 square
meter urban plaza that houses a permanent art collection on show. This space is
connected to the Olympic park by a bridge, extending an otherwise ignored side of the
urban plan. The organization of the exhibition space allows visitors to choose their own
way around the collection, all the while, being surrounded with an open view towards the
city. As a finale, a domed exhibition hall at the top integrates nature with human and art
space. Defined as indefinite, it gives space to the largest works of our time. This
'floating' art city hovers over visitors like a cloud of possibilities.

MAD architects' proposal shows how a building can bring the city and art together,
creating a urban public space where people can consider their relationship between
time, point of view and each other.